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Cagrilintide is a long-acting synthetic version of amylin-a naturally occurring peptide released with insulin. It has shown great promise in animal testing as a drug for both type 2 diabetes and obesity. Researchers have also looked at using it to treat liver disease-alcohol-related liver damage-and cardiovascular disease.
There is also some interest on whether or not this peptide might be used in the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease, but to date, no concrete studies have been published in that field. The majority of the research has been focused on combining cagrilintide with semaglutide, particularly in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Combined, these products seem to produce stronger and longer-lasting effects of weight loss.
But although early results in preclinical studies are encouraging, human studies are only in their initial stages. More clinical trials need to be done before we can say this peptide is effective and safe to use.
Amylin, or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a peptide that pancreatic beta cells co-secrete with insulin. Scientists discovered
that Amylin has a significant action in the brain, where it sends a signal of fullness and satiety. Amylin is initially made as an 89-amino-acid propeptide but is processed in the body to an active molecule containing just 37 amino-acids-at a ratio of about 100:1 to insulin.
This compound has a number of functions. It slows gastric emptying, enhances feelings of fulness, and regulates blood sugar levels after a meal. This activity helps the body use glucose as a fuel source rather than storing it as fat.
In addition, amylin affects bone metabolism. It works together with hormones such as calcitonin and CGRP, which take part in body calcium regulation. These hormones deposit calcium into bones and are able to reduce calcium loss via kidneys. While the full extent of its action is still being studied, Amylin is known to help maintain bone density and avert bone breakdown.
When the amylin-causing gene is deactivated in animal studies, researchers observe decreased appetite and overall calorie intake. Amylin would normally be broken down by the same enzymes responsible for breaking down insulin. Cagrilintide was created to resist these enzymes, which resulted in a longer duration of action and greater potency when administered in research.
How does cagrilintide work? Cagrilintide peptide has several effects upon the body. In the gastrointestinal system-i.e., the stomach and intestines-it slows the movement of food. The slowed transit stimulates the gastrointestinal system to send signals to the brain that the body is full. This shortens appetite and decreases food intake. It also induces decreased sugar uptake, which works to decrease high blood sugar levels. This gives the body a longer time to burn glucose and reduces the likelihood of sugar being stored as fat.
In addition to its use in the digestive process, cagrilintide also has a direct action on the central nervous system. Studies in mice found that the brain’s arcuate nucleus contains many amylin receptors. When cagrilintide is activated on these receptors, it impacts locations like the brain stem and the pituitary gland. This activity tends to increase the feeling of fullness and reduces the drive for hunger.
Lastly, cagrilintide also affects the pancreas. In the same manner that natural amylin does, it is part of a feedback system that limits how much glucagon will be released. This serves to slow down the conversion of glucose into fat.
Two significant clinical trials have examined the impact of cagrilintide on weight reduction, and both provide useful insights into how the peptide works. In the first trial, patients who received a weekly injection of cagrilintide lost weight of about 6% to 11% of body weight in just six weeks. These outcomes were substantially improved over the placebo group and even above the outcome of liraglutide, which was used as a positive control. To the researcher’s surprise, side effects observed were identical for cagrilintide compared to liraglutide.
The second study examined the effect of combining cagrilintide with semaglutide. In combination, they produced a stronger weight loss reaction than when administered separately. This led researchers to believe that the two peptides are likely to work in a synergistic fashion. The findings showed an impressive loss of 17.1 % weight after 20 weeks. In perspective, a person weighing 200 pounds would be expected to lose around 34 pounds within a period of five months using this combination.
| weight | 5mg, 10mg |
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